Seismic Acquisition

An oil company (ExxonMobil), or a geophysical exploration company (WesternGeco), which is involved in speculative surveys decides to study the subsurface of a prospect in the Gulf of Mexico. The exploration company in consultation with the oil company defines the survey area and the resources to use to acquire seismic data. The resources include the vessel, the team, recording system, cable, navigation system and source system etc. Then the exploration company designs the system configuration including the number of cables, and receivers, cable separation, sources, source separation, shotpoint interva,l etc. Then the navigation plan is generated in terms of start and end of the line for a 3D survey. These lines are regularly spaced to cover an area. During this process, the subsurface information is recorded in terms of seismic traces along with the source and receiver position. Data cartridges will be generated containing SEGD file format and data files with navigation information in UKOOA P1/90 form. For 2D survey, the company defines the lines with start and end point. The lines in 2D survey are not regularly spaced and may have gaps in collected data.